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Codes

This is a 4-digit numeric variable.

Description

START reports the start minute of the activity.

There are two ways to represent time in the diary episode file: time as reported on the 24-hour clock (CLOCKST, and time in terms of the number of minutes which have elapsed since the start of the diary observation period (START). A 24-hour file contains 1440 minutes, except on those days where an adjustment of an extra minute is added to the day to adjust for minor variations in the actual rotation speed of the Earth around the sun (though users should note that very few diaries are collected on such days, partly as few of such days appear in the sampled periods and partly as few participants have been willing to keep a time diary on New Year's Eve when such adjustments are added.) The addition or absence of the additional 60 seconds makes little difference to population behavior patterns, so MTUS makes no attempt to account for these adjustments.

The first episode in all diaries has a start value of 1, and the last episode in all diaries has an end value of 1440 (see END).

Comparability

START is comparable across all samples.

Universe

  • All activities.

Availability

  • Austria: 1992, 2008
  • Belgium: 1966
  • Bulgaria: 1965, 2001
  • Canada: 2005, 2010, 2015
  • Czech Republic: 1965
  • Finland: 1979, 2009
  • France: 1966, 1985, 2009
  • Germany: 1965
  • Hungary: 1999, 2009
  • Israel: 1991
  • Italy: 2002, 2008
  • Netherlands: 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000
  • Peru: 1966
  • Serbia: 1965
  • South Africa: 2000, 2010
  • South Korea: 1999, 2004, 2009
  • Spain: 2002
  • United Kingdom: 1983, 1987, 1995, 2000, 2005
  • United States: 1985, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2003-2022